Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Aging Adult Case Study
A 68-year-old client lives alone and is independent with all ADLs, has no restrictions for mobility, and is competent, and oriented x4. The client is on a fixed income, but has enough to manage a modest lifestyle. The client has family and social supports but is very independent and is proud of her self-reliance. The client’s height is 5′ 6″, weight is 210 lb. / 95.25 kg.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
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Please answer the following:
What is the client’s BMI?
Identify what screening tools you would use to assess nutritional and exercise knowledge, and why?
Identify two client outcomes that are reasonable, measurable and realistic
Identify 3 nursing interventions for each client outcome and give rationales
Identify what weakness in the client’s life and supports may be impacting the client’s activity and diet?
What referrals would you make and why?
Identify your references in APA format. Use references not just opinion.
Assignment Expectations:
Length: 1500 to 1750 words in length
Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA format. These do not count towards the minimum word count for this assignment. Your essay must include an introduction and a conclusion.
References: Use appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. A minimum of two (2) scholarly sources are required for this assignment.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
The purpose of this case study is to reflect on the journey of care experienced by an older adult during an acute hospital admission. An evaluation of the care given will be carried out by examining the available research.
The aim of the study is to demonstrate the application of nursing research into everyday practice. It will evaluate the role of the multi-disciplinary team in addressing the physical, psychological and social needs of patients.
The author is a Specialist Stoma Care nurse working in a department of colorectal surgery within the NHS in Scotland. Within the multi-disciplinary team the stoma nurse has a unique role. Porrett and McGrath (2005) suggest they are “key to the clinical management of patients with a stoma”.
To fulfil the requirements of the assignment I requested the assistance of a patient with whom I had developed a close working relationship whilst he was a hospital inpatient. I have maintained contact with this gentleman since discharge.
In accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Council Code – Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives (2008), to maintain client confidentiality, all names have been changed and no reference has been made to vocation. For the purpose of this assignment the client will be known as “Tom”.
Tom is an 84 year old retired grammar school headmaster. He lives in Georgian house on the outskirts of a small town. He moved here when he retired 20 years ago. Tom lives with his wife “Jean” whom he has been married to for 62 years. They have a son and two daughters who all live within a one hour drive of his home and they all visit regularly.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Tom is the primary carer for his wife, following her diagnosis with Alzheimer’s disease a number of years ago. Over time this role has become more practical and demanding as her condition has deteriorated. He has minimal social work support. He is a very practical, capable and fiercely independent man who arranged and financed his wife’s respite care in a local nursing home prior to his admission to hospital.
Tom remains very active; he runs his home, he continues to drive a car and is a keen gardener.
Past Medical History
Tom suffers from Diverticular disease and has an enlarged prostate although neither has required on-going treatment. He suffers from mild hypertension which is treated with Bendroflumethiazide. This complies with the British Hypertension Society recommendations (Brown et al, 2003; Williams et al 2004). He does not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes. Tom has Osteoarthritis which is eased by Paracetamol taken as required but he remains in generally good health.
Earlier this year, Tom visited his GP when he experienced fresh rectal bleeding with associated altered bowel habit. When initial treatment for haemorrhoids was unsuccessful and symptoms persisted Tom was referred urgently to his local hospital (SIGN, 2003; NICE, 2004; ISD, 2008). A flexible sigmoidoscopy and pathology confirmed a rectal cancer. Colorectal Cancer is the third most common cancer in both man and women (ISD, 2009).Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Following a positive cancer diagnosis patients have further investigations to establish staging of the disease (SIGN, 2003; Association of Coloproctology, 2007; QIS, 2008). Computerised Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans revealed the tumour was circumferential and isolated to the rectum and there was no evidence of metastatic spread of the disease. His case was discussed at the weekly multi-disciplinary team (MDT) meeting and it was recommended that he undergo primary surgical total mesorectal excision (TME) (Heard et al, as cited in Rutten et al, 2008).
Malignant tumours are staged according to the tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) system of classification (Jass and Sobin, 1989; Sobin et al, 2010). Rectal cancers are classified using The Dukes system (Dukes, C 1932 as cited in Haq et al, 2009; Libutti et al, 2008). Pathology and Radiological review diagnosed T3 disease; a locally invasive tumour.
Major Health Issue
Treatment options were discussed with the Consultant surgeon at an outpatient clinic appointment. It was decided that an Anterior Resection would be the best surgical approach to resect the tumour and a minimally invasive laparoscopic assisted approach would be beneficial. The implications of surgery and the possibility of a temporary stoma were also discussed at this stage (Schiffmann et al, 2008) Arrangements were made for Tom’s admission for elective resection of his tumour.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Surgery which results in any change in self-image can impact greatly on an individual. The formation of a stoma not only threatens self-image but fundamentally alters the way the body functions (Bekkers et al, 1996; Black, 2004).
The main focus of this case study are the acceptance and management of the stoma which became necessary for Tom during his hospital admission, the associated psychological impact of a cancer diagnosis the complications which hampered Tom’s treatment and how this relates to and impacts on his care management and recovery. The case study covers the 4 weeks of Tom’s hospital admission.
Discussion of the Care Received
Pre-Operative Assessment
Tom attended for a pre-operative assessment prior to his appointed admission date. Here he was seen by an anaesthetist and a nurse to establish fitness for surgery. In addition to past medical history a full physical examination, blood tests to check renal function and full blood count and an electrocardiograph (ECG) are carried out. This verifies risk factors including the presence of any co-morbidity which could affect treatment; Tom’s hypertension was noted. The collection and recording of baseline blood pressure, pulse, respirations and temperature readings were documented. This enabled Tom’s care to be planned prior to admission to hospital.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Initial Care
I first met Tom on his day of admission when he was given additional pre-operative information and counselling on the possibility of stoma formation and a prospective site marked on his abdomen (Erwin-Toth, 2003). During our initial meeting it was apparent that Tom wanted to avoid a stoma at all costs and should it be necessary he felt it would impact greatly on his daily life and ability to adequately care for is wife. Tom was reassured that although the chances he would require a stoma were low, all patients admitted for anterior resection were sited as a precaution. Indeed he appeared to be more concerned about his wife’s welfare than that of his own. His primary concern was the length of stay in hospital as he had been forced to make alternative arrangements for her care in a local nursing home.
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The preferred Laparoscopic assisted anterior resection was performed the following day. The surgery wants well and he did not require a stoma. Initially Tom was nursed in the surgical high dependency unit; this enabled close monitoring of his condition and response to treatment (Dunn and Schmitz, 2005 as cited in Tulloch et al, 2007). As Tom did not have a stoma he was not routinely seen by the team but his recovery was monitored additionally by the colorectal CNS who assisted in supporting him following his cancer diagnosis.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
MDT Outcome
Tom’s case was discussed at the weekly multi-disciplinary meeting when results of detailed pathology investigations were available; this took place approximately one week following surgery. The results confirmed earlier suspicions of T3 disease; more specifically pT3 N0 – Dukes B well differentiated adenocarcinoma with extramural vascular invasion (Appendix 1). Pathology also confirmed the tumour had been completely excised and circumferential margins were clear. On discussion at the MDT meeting, the pathological evidence indicated a curative resection of the tumour. There is no clinical evidence that chemotherapy treatment would be of any additional benefit it was decided that Tom should be followed up at the surgical clinic only (Gill and Scholefield, 2005; Midgley et al, 2000; Morris et al, 2007; Petersen et al, 2002). McMillan et al (2008) highlighted age; sex, Dukes stage and need for adjuvant therapy are important indicators on survival rates.
Complications
It however came to light that, after initially making good progress Tom’s recovery had suffered a number of setbacks. He had developed a fever which was assumed secondary to retention of urine (for which he was catheterized) or a superficial wound infection and he began vomiting. The medical team arranged a CT scan. It confirmed the presence of a paralytic ileus which accounted for Tom’s vomiting and revealed a collection resulting from a leak in the anastomosis, the probable source of infection. A naso-gastric tube was passes to drain stomach contents and decompress the air in the small bowel to alleviate Tom’s symptoms of nausea and vomiting. Intravenous antibiotics- Cephtriaxone and Metronidazole; were given to treat the infection but the only possible treatment option to address this problem was further surgery.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Research has shown anastomotic leak occurs in 3-19% of cases (Lyall, et al, 2007; Khan et al, 2007).
Further Treatment
Tom underwent a further Laparotomy, Hartmann’s procedure with peritoneal washout and insertion of a rectal drain the following day. The procedure was explained by the surgeon but as there is no stoma care cover over weekends Tom was not sited for a stoma and he had no further specialist counselling to prepare him for this. Tom was again nursed in the high dependency unit following surgery. Due to the complications of his initial operation and subsequent second operation Tom required additional medical support to assist his recovery. Intravenous Colloid infusion failed to maintain adequate blood pressure so Inotropes – Noradrenaline and Dopexamine were commenced. This helped support renal function and improved urine output.
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Although apyrexial, an increased white cell count indicated further evidence of sepsis; intravenous antibiotics and Paracetamol continued. Tom continued to show signs of paralytic ileus – no bowel sounds heard, no activity from his stoma and moderate drainage from the naso-gastric tube; he began to develop generalised body oedema on his second post-operative day. This was due to low blood albumen. In an attempt to address his poor nutritional state and promote healing Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) was commenced.
To minimise associated potential risk of pressure sores Tom was nursed on a therapeutic air mattress.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Tom was self-administering Morphine for pain relief via a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) pump and was receiving additional oxygen therapy via nasal cannula.
The complications Tom experienced and his subsequent treatment left him very weak and somewhat bewildered. He was experiencing a great deal of pain but was reluctant to use the PCA as it made him feel nauseated and he felt he was unable to think clearly. Poor post-operative pain control can lead to further complications such as chest infection (McDonnell, et al, 2005). Following review by the acute pain team his regime was subsequently changed from Morphine Sulphate to Ketamine. It has proved to be effective in improving pain scores when treating chronic post-operative pain (Visser, 2006).
As his general health had always been good Tom had not experienced these symptoms before, he had never needed or relied on such care and he became increasingly frustrated that he was unable to control his body and he became withdrawn. He began to question why his treatment had become problematic and found it difficult to accept the reality of his situation. This manifested itself particularly with regards to his body oedema and the newly formed stoma. He refused to acknowledge its existence and ignored it completely.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Initially, the stoma team’s involvement was minimal. Tom’s general health and increased medical and nursing support meant it was inappropriate to begin any form of teaching stoma management. Nursing staff were caring for and assessing the stoma but expressed concerns that he was finding the presence of the stoma difficult to cope with he had expressed feeling of revulsion whenever the pouch was drained or changed. As a new stoma patient this was a particularly difficult and frightening time for Tom, as he has lost control over a basic bodily function (Black and Hyde, 2004; Thorpe, McArthur and Richardson, 2009). Maslow (1968, 1971) as cited in Bohart (2007) described a hierarchy of human needs, ranging from food and water, graduating through the need for safety and belonging to self-esteem and self-awareness. Tom’s issue with his diagnosis and treatment are illustrated within this model (Appendix 2).
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It was decided I was best place to assist Tom; he was familiar with me from our discussions prior to the initial surgery. The first challenge was to encourage Tom to engage with me and to look at the stoma. He reluctantly gave consent but was unable to see the stoma due to his distended abdomen. It was then decided that he would aim to touch the stoma through his hospital gown. This was a huge step for Tom but with encouragement and support he managed this.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Research (Burch, 2005; Metcalf, 1999; O’Connor, 2003; White, 1998) has indicated preparation through early education of practical skills and coping strategies result in more favourable outcomes for all new stoma patients, regardless of age. This however was difficult for Tom due to the emergency nature of his second operation.
Traditionally the stoma care pouch change procedure has been taught through an experiential learning approach (Metcalf, 1999; Readding, 2005; O’Connor, 2005). Combining Bloom’s (1956)(Appendix 3) acquisition of skills and Kolb’s learning cycle (1984)(Appendix 4) approach to teaching was appropriate as much of stoma care is practical, hands on care and encourages the participation of the learner in their own education (Quinn, 2000; Young and Paterson, 2007; Bradshaw, 2007).Aging Adult Case Study Essay
White (1997, cited in Benjamin, 2002) recommends when teaching stoma care management the elements should be broken down into small manageable sections and revising what was previously learned before introducing new information. The patient will find goals easier to achieve and ensure they are self-caring prior to discharge. As a retired teacher himself he responded well to this particular approach, it worked well and Tom began to make good progress with managing his stoma.
Through daily contact with Tom we worked through practical stoma management skills. Additional practice and support for Tom was provided by ward staff. This ensured he became more confident with self-care. I also made myself available to offer emotional support, practical guidance and advice. We discussed many aspects of life with a stoma to increase Tom’s knowledge on the subject and, in turn, boost his confidence. Indeed, Black (2000) suggests counselling is essential if the new stoma patient is to cope with this new way of life.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
The complications Tom suffered prolonged his hospital admission. He worried that he would not cope with the stoma on discharge and be well enough to continue caring for his wife. A hospital social worker helped alleviate his anxieties; with her help and that of his family arrangements were made to extend “Jean’s” respite care at the nursing home to allow Tom some time to convalesce. This helped reduce his stress and anxiety levels and allowed him to concentrate on his own recovery.
Norris and Spelic (2002) reported that it can take a year or more to adapt and accept a stoma. Although the operation performed giving Tom his stoma is reversible as time passed and he began adapting to this new situation Tom came to realise the stoma was aiding his recovery and would enable him to return to some semblance of normality. As he became more confident and competent at pouch changing and generally managing the stoma Tom decided he did not wish to proceed with a reversal operation and instead keep the stoma.
The stoma care nurse is one of only a few health professionals able to offer continuity of care between hospital and the community. Discharge planning was essential. O’Connor (2005) recommends that it begin from the first visit and should be supported by on-going assessment. On discharge Tom was visited at home. This was an ideal way to offer on-going support, education and advice.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Evaluation
Reflection is an integral part of professional nursing to ensure quality of care for patients.
Nurses follow an analytical approach to patient care on a daily basis in order to best meet their medical, psychological and social requirements. Analysis allows us to take a detailed look at the care given to patients by healthcare professionals over the course of a patient’s journey of care.
Evaluation of Tom’s care has led me to reflect on the decisions made. Sadly, it is fair to say that Tom’s journey of care was problematic. All investigations were carried out within the recommended timescale (SIGN, 2003; NICE, 2004; ISD, 2008). They indicated Tom’s rectal tumour could be resected using a laparoscopic approach. The clinical evidence shows multiple benefits: minimally invasive procedure allowing early mobilisation, faster recovery and reduced hospital stay (Sharma et al, 2010). Surgery however does not come without risks which were explained to Tom. Weighing benefit against risk both Tom and his surgeon felt this approach was suitable for Tom’s needs considering his complex social needs, age and wish to avoid a stoma.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Unfortunately, Tom experienced a recognised complication, namely anastomotic leak which happens to a small percentage of people who have colorectal surgery (ref). When he showed symptoms of this he was appropriately treated with antibiotics and a Computerised Tomography (CT) scan was arranged. This confirmed the problem but also necessitated a further emergency operation and a stoma. This unsurprisingly had a profound effect on Tom both physically and psychologically. He had little time to prepare for this and no additional specialist stoma care support as this took place over a weekend. This would have allowed him to be more fully prepared for the stoma and perhaps avoided the levels anxiety and depression he experienced.
Given this particular set of circumstances this could not have been avoided.
During the close teaching process effective communication is invaluable in developing a therapeutic relationship with patients as we strive to provide them with emotional support and advice. It allows us to continually assess their individual needs. Regular daily contact to teach stoma management skills proved beneficial. This also allowed time to discuss coping strategies and talk through any concerns Tom had. The aim of education is empowerment. This period of education provided Tom with the skills and knowledge to care independently for his stoma. It is important to note that this patient journey did not end on discharge. He was visited at home where support and education continued.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Tom’s post-operative complications were as a direct result of the second operation and he was treated appropriately based on the clinical evidence; Tom responded well and began to progress. His psychological issues took longer to address.
Both Tom and his surgeon could have chosen a different course of treatment. It would possibly have meant a temporary or permanent stoma from the outset which he was clear he wished to avoid. His main reason that he felt it would impact on his ability to care for his wife.
On balance, Tom got best possible treatment. The decisions both he and the healthcare team made can all be justified. With the benefit of hindsight different decisions would undoubtedly resulted in a different course of treatment but may have resulted in a similar outcome – namely some form of stoma. There is also no guarantee that Tom would have not suffered other setbacks but we can only speculate on this.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
The ageing population is growing and there is a need to provide the life assistance such as housing, pension, and quality of health care. In terms of the health care needs of the older people, it is important that there is willingness coming from the older person in order to establish the relationship in between the health care provider and the older person and provide the quality needs and care. Based on the information provides by the case studies, there are evidences in which can be applied to set forth the strategic practice in relation to care of an older person.
Background of the Case
Fred is 75 years of age and lives with his wife in a small house in a rural town. He walks the dog daily and enjoys chopping wood. His house has two slow combustion heaters. Fred also keeps chickens for the eggs which he sells locally and gives to his daughter who lives next door with her husband and two teenage daughters. Fred looks after his wife who has agro phobia. Fred has been increasingly short of breath over the past few days and has a florid complexion. Recently he had some incontinence, and slipped when walking lacerating his right shin, which requires daily dressings. He is a big man and his mobility is significantly decreased. Fred had bypass surgery nine years ago and has been taking anti-hypertensive drugs, aspirin and lipex for the past two years. Fred recently had an operation to remove a cataract in his left eye. He says that the operation has done him no good and that he cannot see anything at all now from his left eye. Fred does most of the housework although the couple does have community services for some housework. Fred says that he is tired of doing everything and wants to go into long-term care. He still uses his car to go shopping and for social outings. Fred is concerned about his ability to continue doing this, and that he may have to undergo more surgery which would involve extended time away and extra costs.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Care Strategies
Since Fred is willing to engage in a long-term but somehow having second thoughts because of the costs and the time that it might consume. Therefore, these problems falls on the ability of health care industries as well as the provider in effectively managing their tasks and at the same time ensures the capability of delivering quality healthcare services to the clients. Therefore, it is suggested that the organization should use the ability in managing the people and aligning them towards the goal and mission in delivering the specific health care. The application of the methods and strategies should be first assessed according to the structures of treatment or medication and the targeting the patient satisfaction (Donini, Savina, and Cannella, 2003). The experiences of the health care providers through the evidence-based practices (EBPs) are important because it forces of changes that include competitive pressures, alternate health care delivery mechanisms, changing cost structures, monitoring by public and private groups, increased information availability, and a markedly better-informed clientele.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
The health care providers are guided by the same clinical practice that assists them as well as their patients in generating a clinical decision. The Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is guidelines that promoted and systematically formed to develop a comprehensive statement wherein the experts can deliberately explain or provide the quality care. The specific clinical condition of a patient is the most available scientific evidence and from the past experience and knowledge of the health care provider, the judgment can be created. The adequate prescription can be the last statement that a health care provider can give which is also suitable in the patient’s needs.
The health care needs can be also provided by the admission of the client in a nursing home. The popularity of nursing home services is also popular among the Western countries. It is considered to be the best place in which an older person can gain the quality of health care. However, Fred despite of his old age is the one responsible in most of the chores because of his wife’s condition in terms of agro phobia or the fear in the marketplace and his feeling of responsible father for his daughter although she had her own family. Basically, the older adults has the inability to earn and usually depends on their pension, savings, investments or even money from their children to meet their financial needs (Sherina, Rampal, & Mustaqim, 2003).Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Fred faces and suffers from both acute and chronic pain which is commonly found among the old age groups. The elderly with the age of 50 and above are found with the trouble pains because of the accident that can be caused by the nerve compression. He might also experience the chronic (lower or upper) back pains (Siciliano, 2006). The acute pain is commonly experienced that can come quickly and with a possibility to become severed, but lasts a relatively short time. Acute pain in individuals with orthopedic problems originates from the periosteum, the joint surfaces, and the arterial walls. Muscle pain associated with bone surgery results from muscle ischemia rather than muscle tension. Acute abdominal pain often causes the individual to lie on one side and draw up the legs in the fetal position (Burns, 2010). However, there are theories that patients with chronic pain initially experience undertreated acute pain and mostly the chronic pain (Roberto, 2001). But despite of all the methods and treatment introduced by the medical settings, many individuals are living with chronic pains which heighten the different approach in managing the acute and chronic pains (Roberto, 2001) like Fred. The modern health care system is expected to build a sound treatment and management towards of acute and chronic illness model. The essence of pain management is bound to create relief to pain sufferers through the means of (noxious) chemical, thermal or mechanical stimulus, associated with surgery, trauma, and acute illness and historically responsive to opioid therapy which may usually time-limited response. In addition the nursing practice should reduce the factors that can complicate the treatment of persons with chronic pain such as scarring, continuing psychologic stress, and medication (Sieppert, 1996).Aging Adult Case Study Essay
In addition, Fred might experience a chronic heart failure because of his history in bypass surgery. The involuntary muscles in the body such as the heart have a potential for failure of moving because of disorder in its system (Elkayam, et al., 2008). This typical disorder is a result of gradual fluid accumulation which takes effect on the elderly populations. The acute heart failure is usually characterized with the cardiac failure, hypertension and increased in vascular stiffness. And most of the time, the diabetes coexist which threatens the health of a patient (Aguilar, et al., 2010). In addition, a variety of pathophysiologic mechanisms may play a role in this disorder. These alterations of the cardiac output include the critical evaluation of the gathered data which supports the traditional and modernized approach in integrating the mechanisms into the model for heart failure (Cotter, et. al., 2008). Moreover, in the existence of diabetes in the body can worsen the prevalence of heart failure. In this situation, both the young and older population is affected. Most of the patients’ needs the advance admittance in medical institutions (Mullens, et. al., 2008). The appropriate management of heart failure may is also suggesting for measuring the effectiveness of the medicines or drugs that can reduce the cardiac output (Johnson, et. al., 2007; Elkayam, et. al., 2008).Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Suggested Medical Solution
Fred faces difficulties in supporting their lives and is struggling to survive and he might not only suffer from the physical illness but also in depression or in behavioural aspects.
Health care settings have already applied various paradigms that will enable them to improve the health care situation. One of the significant approaches in health care settings is through the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP). EBP is frequently defined as the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients because it encompasses the central position in health such as medication and behavioural health care disciplines (Bartels, 2002).Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Based on the cases of health problems among the elderly, there should be an appropriate treatment or preventative approach for the “entire body”. Since the entire body is affected by depression that may exist in the health situations and emotions that are common among the elderly, it is only natural to start assessing the health of the entire body. Behavioural health, in general, is self-explanatory and is bound to expresses the wellness of body, mind, and soul. In combating depression, an individual should ensure that he/she achieved the wellness on these three aspects. For body, an individual should establish a healthy living so that when he reached his old age, his body will continue to function. If the body if well fed, therefore, the mind should be also fed. This means that human minds should keep on functioning by reading and obtaining knowledge. And lastly, for the soul, an individual should start their day with an activity that will give pleasure and positivity to have self-fulfilment (Holt, et al., 2004). Having the wellness in behavioural health reflects in their attitude in socialization and their perspective in life. A person who values the behavioural health has an advantage from the other individual because they can cope in the changes and have a relatively effect in fighting depression and illness.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
Conclusion
Nursing strategies among the aged group targets the root cause of the problems and afterwards provide the appropriate intervention that intentionally treats the both physical and mental problems. Nursing homes is dwelling of old age people shares the illness and depression, despite of these obviousness, there are older adults who are engaged in active coping techniques, most likely managing or controlling the negative events in their lives. Nursing care also identify the various factors that might affect the wellness among the elderly and should be the basic strategy in order to learn and implement the appropriate methods in physical and behavioural health.Aging Adult Case Study Essay
In the view of growing numbers of older people who struggles in depression, the practitioners or carers who work in nursing homes are challenged to tackle the issue of depression and promotes the strategies in which they can assure that older people are less involved in this life episode. Although there are considered case-to-case basis, the nursing care services should still not focus only on the medication needs of the old adults. Aging Adult Case Study Essay
